Author
Researcher, Art Research Institute, Institute of Culture, Art and Communication, Tehran, Iran
10.22080/jre.2024.25329.1178
Abstract
The pursuit for the premises of cognition urges a systematic separation of ontological and epistemological considerations. This is while both the mundane (collective intellect) and divine (revelation) imprints on cognition are to be taken into account, which suggests a comparative study based on the philosophy of mind and religion. Present article provides a two dimensional model to classify and compare these views. The horizontal and vertical axes of this model respectively represent the ontological and epistemological stands. In the epistemological axis, three faculties of cognition, namely sense, intellect, and intuition are listed, whereas the ontological axis lists three aspects of being, appearance and function of cognitive data. This encompasses nine approaches of the modern philosophy (positivistic, phenomenological, scientific, speculative, dialectical, critical, existential, aesthetical, and hermeneutical) as well as nine mainstreams in religious wisdom (ascetics, jurists, scholars, theologians, dialecticians, sophists, sufis, mystics, commentators). Though each of these currents has been the subject of uncountable discussions, a one-to-one correspondence has never been established, and such a comprehensive overview provides a clear vision of human approach to the category of knowledge.
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