Critical evaluation of Mohaghegh Khofari and Fazel Ghoshchi's views on the generality of God's power based on Fayyad Lahiji's opinions

Authors

1 Graduated with a PhD in Philosophy and Islamic Theology from Shiraz University.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, Shiraz University

3 Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, Shiraz University, Iran

10.22080/jepr.2025.28352.1245

Abstract

This research deals with the critical evaluation of Mohaghegh Khofari and Fazel Ghoshchi's views on the universality of divine power, relying on Fayyaz Lahiji's opinions. Fazel Ghoshchi and Mohaghegh Khofari believe in the generality of God's power and the possibility of creating anything, even intellectual impossibility and evil. They both believe that God's power is unlimited and absolute, and no condition, even the condition of being impossible, can limit his power. Fayyaz Lahiji, on the other hand, by accepting the infinite power of God, considers it beyond his ability to create the impossible and evil. He believes that the creation of the impossible and evil is not only incompatible with divine wisdom, but also basically meaningless and impossible. By distinguishing between absolute power and relative power, Lahiji argues that God's power, although unlimited, is directed toward possibilities and does not include impossibilities and evil. This research examines the evidences and arguments of these three thinkers with analytical-critical method, and finally, relying on philosophical foundations, Lahiji's view on the generality of divine power is preferred. Since this research is organized based on the notes of Mohaghegh Khofari and Fayaz Lahiji on Ghoshchi's description of abstraction, in some cases, the expression of Khajah Toosi has been used to better explain the topic. This research shows that the justifications and reasons of Fazel Ghoshchi and Mohaghegh Khofari in the issue of the generality of divine power are facing many problems.

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